文献类型： 外文期刊
作者： Wang, Kun 1 ; Wang, Jun 2 ; Zhu, Chenglong 1 ; Yang, Liandong 5 ; Ren, Yandong 1 ; Ruan, Jue 6 ; Fan, Guangyi 7 ; Hu, Jia 1 ;
作者机构： 1.Northwestern Polytech Univ, Sch Ecol & Environm, Xian 710072, Peoples R China
2.South China Agr Univ, Coll Marine Sci, Joint Lab Guangdong Prov & Hong Kong Reg Marine B, Guangzhou 510642, Peoples R China
3.Hubei Univ Technol, Sch Civil Engn Architecture & Environm, Wuhan 430068, Peoples R China
4.Chinese Acad Sci, Kunming Inst Zool, State Key Lab Genet Resources & Evolut, Kunming 650223, Yunnan, Peoples R China
5.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Hydrobiol, State Key Lab Freshwater Ecol & Biotechnol, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China
6.Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Agr Genom Inst Shenzhen, Guangdong Lab Lingnan Modern Agr, Genome Anal Lab,Minist Agr, Shenzhen 518120, Peoples R China
7.BGI Qingdao, Qingdao 266555, Peoples R China
8.BGI Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, Peoples R China
9.Grand Biosci, Beijing 102200, Peoples R China
10.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Vertebrate Paleontol & Paleoanthropol, Beijing 100044, Peoples R China
11.Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Clin Vet Med, Key Lab Anim Biotechnol,Minist Agr, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China
12.Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing Inst Genom, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China
13.China Natl Ctr Bioinformat, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China
14.Southwest Univ, Sch Life Sci, Key Lab Freshwater Fish Reprod & Dev, Chongqing 400715, Peoples R China
15.Chinese Acad Sci, Ctr Excellence Anim Evolut & Genet, Kunming 650223, Yunnan, Peoples R China
16.Univ Copenhagen, Villum Ctr Biodivers Genom, Dept Biol, Sect Ecol & Evolut, Copenhagen, Denmark
17.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Deep Sea Sci & Engn, Sanya 572000, Peoples R China
18.Northwestern Polytech Univ, Xian 710072, Peoples R China
期刊名称：CELL （ 影响因子：38.637； 五年影响因子：38.62 ）
ISSN： 0092-8674
年卷期： 2021 年 184 卷 5 期
页码：
收录情况： SCI
摘要： Lungfishes are the closest extant relatives of tetrapods and preserve ancestral traits linked with the water-to-land transition. However, their huge genome sizes have hindered understanding of this key transition in evolution. Here, we report a 40-Gb chromosome-level assembly of the African lungfish (Protopterus annectens) genome, which is the largest genome assembly ever reported and has a contig and chromosome N50 of 1.60 Mb and 2.81 Gb, respectively. The large size of the lungfish genome is due mainly to retrotransposons. Genes with ultra-long length show similar expression levels to other genes, indicating that lungfishes have evolved high transcription efficacy to keep gene expression balanced. Together with transcriptomeand experimental data, we identified potential genes and regulatory elements related to such terrestrial adaptation traits as pulmonary surfactant, anxiolytic ability, pentadactyl limbs, and pharyngeal remodeling. Our results provide insights and key resources for understanding the evolutionary pathway leading from fishes to humans.
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